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Oxidative Stress in Cancer

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Book cover Oxidative Stress and Redox Regulation

Abstract

Increased oxidative stress is a common feature observed in many different types of cancer. Depending on the radical formed, its concentration, and cellular location where its generation occurs, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have multiple functions within tumor cells. ROS-induced macromolecule damage can contribute to tumor initiation. Low levels of ROS can initiate cellular signaling pathways that mediate tumor cell proliferation, survival and tumor progression to a metastatic phenotype. High levels of ROS initiate signaling pathways that mediate tumor cell death, but also contribute to formation of cancer stem cells that induce tumor recurrence. Understanding the multitude and complexity of ROS-regulated pathways in cancer cells and targeted modulation of intracellular ROS levels using antioxidants or chemotherapy at different stages of tumor progression may be an effective strategy for combination therapy.

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Abbreviations

2DG:

2-deoxyglucose

4-HNE:

4-Hydroxy-noneal

Ask1:

apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1

ATM:

ataxia telangiectasia mutated

BSO:

L-S, R-buthionine sulphoximine

CSC:

cancer stem cells

DR:

death receptor

DRL:

death receptor ligand

EGF:

epidermal growth factor

EGF-R:

epidermal growth factor-receptor

Erk1/2:

extracellular-regulated kinases 1/2

FOXO:

forkhead homeobox type O

GF:

growth factor

GF-R:

growth factor receptor

GSH:

glutathione

GSSG:

glutathione disulphide

GPX:

glutathione peroxidase

GST:

Glutathione S-transferase

H2O2 :

hydrogen peroxide

HIF-1:

hypoxia-inducible factor-1

JNK:

c-Jun N-terminal Kinase

MAPK:

mitogen-activated protein kinase

MMP:

matrix metalloproteinase

MPTP:

mitochondrial permeability transition pore

mROS:

mitochondrial ROS

NF-κB:

nuclear factor κ-B

NOX:

NADPH oxidase

PDK1:

phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1

PDGF:

platelet-derived growth factor

PDGF-R:

platelet-derived growth factor-receptor

PI3-K:

phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase

PKC:

protein kinase C

PKD:

protein kinase D

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

Prdx:

peroxiredoxin

PTEN:

phosphatase and tensin homologue

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

TGFβ:

transforming growth factor β

TIMP:

tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases

TNFα:

tumor necrosis factor α

VEGF:

vascular epithelial growth factor.

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank Heike Döppler and Jenni Bachhofer for critical reading of the manuscript. Work in the Storz laboratory is supported by the NIH grants GM86435 and CA140182.

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  1. Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA

    Peter Storz

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  1. Peter Storz
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Correspondence to Peter Storz .

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  1. Mol.,Cel. and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

    Ursula Jakob

  2. The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Science, Department of Biological Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel

    Dana Reichmann

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Storz, P. (2013). Oxidative Stress in Cancer. In: Jakob, U., Reichmann, D. (eds) Oxidative Stress and Redox Regulation. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5787-5_15

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