Department of Public Health
University of
Helsinki,
Finland
harri.hemila@helsinki.fi
https://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/hemila
April 11, 2024
Three controlled
trials have found
significant decrease in the incidence of pneumonia and two found
treatment benefit for pneumonia patients.
Hemilä H,
Louhiala P.
Vitamin C for preventing and treating pneumonia.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;
CD005532
https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd005532.pub3
https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/225862
https://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/hemila/CP/2013_Coch_Pneu_CD005532.pdf
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23925826/
Hemilä
H. Vitamin C and Community-acquired Pneumonia.
AJRCCM
2011;184:621-2.
https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.184.5.621a
Modification
of vitamin E effect by vitamin C also means that vitamin C influences
pneumonia risk.
Hemilä H, Kaprio J.
Vitamin
E supplementation and pneumonia risk in males who initiated smoking
at an early age: effect modification by body weight and vitamin
C. Nutr J
2008;7:33
https://doi.org/10.1186%2F1475-2891-7-33
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2603040/
A
short review
Hemilä H, Louhiala P.
Vitamin
C may affect lung infections.
JRSM 2007;100:495-498
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2099400/
https://doi.org/10.1177/014107680710001109
Hemilä
H.
Vitamin C supplementation and respiratory infections: a
systematic review.
Military Medicine 2004;169:920-925
https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED.169.11.920
https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/225867
https://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/hemila/H/HH_2004.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15605943
Hemilä
H, Douglas RM.
Vitamin C and acute respiratory infections.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 1999
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iuatld/ijtld/1999/00000003/00000009/art00004
https://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/hemila/H/HH_1999_IJTLD.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10488881
Hemilä H.
Vitamin C intake and
susceptibility to pneumonia.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
1997;16:836-837
https://doi.org/10.1097/00006454-199709000-00003
https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/225875
https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.10960785
https://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/hemila/H/HH_1997_PIDJ.pdf
Modification of
vitamin E effect by
vitamin C also means that vitamin C influences TB risk.
Furthermore,
high dietary vitamin C intake was associated with 60% lower TB risk
in the participants who were not administered vitamin E.
Hemilä
H, Kaprio J.
Vitamin E supplementation may transiently
increase tuberculosis risk in males who smoke heavily and have high
dietary vitamin C
intake. Br J Nutr
2008;100:896-902
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508923709
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18279551/
Comment: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114508994411
Reply: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114508994423
Hemilä
H, Kaprio J, Pietinen P, Albanes D, Heinonen OP.
Vitamin C
and other compounds in vitamin C rich food in relation to risk of
tuberculosis in male smokers.
Am J Epidemiol
1999;150:632-641
https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010062
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10490003/
One study in
Bangladesh found significant
benefit of vitamin C for tetanus patients, see analysis in:
Hemilä
H, Koivula TT
Vitamin C for preventing and treating tetanus.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;
CD006665
Hemilä
H. Vitamin C and tetanus. Annals of African
Medicine
2010;9:108-109
https://doi.org/10.4103/1596-3519.64742
Hemilä H.
Vitamin
C and infections
Nutrients
2017;9(4):339.
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9040339
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5409678/
Hemilä H. Infections in animals.
In: Do vitamins C
and E affect respiratory infections? Thesis 2006 pp.
7-9
https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/20335
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6395595
Book chapters
Hemilä: vitamin C and infections:
https://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/hemila/H/1997_Hemila.pdf
https://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/hemila/H/1998_Hemila_Eng.pdf
https://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/hemila/H/1998_Hemila_Ita.pdf Italian